Rafael Bucio ⠠⠵ | tail -t /var/log/life

Actualizar servidor NTP

[ $date ]# 27 octubre 2014

Eh usado debian por años, así que me confíe con un servidor NTP de CENAM y hoy tuve que hacer el cambio, así que les debo una hora a unos clientes:

Buscamos el archivo /etc/ntp.conf y añadimos:

server 0.north-america.pool.ntp.org
server 1.north-america.pool.ntp.org
server 2.north-america.pool.ntp.org
server 3.north-america.pool.ntp.org

server 0.north-america.pool.ntp.org

server 1.north-america.pool.ntp.org

server 2.north-america.pool.ntp.org

server 3.north-america.pool.ntp.org

Una vez ya guardado el archivo ntp.conf reiniciamos el NTP:

/etc/init.d/ntp restart

1	/etc/init.d/ntp restart

Ya solo nos queda elegir nuestra zona horaria con dpkg-reconfigure tzdata:

root@gob:~ dpkg-reconfigure tzdata
......
.....
...
Current default time zone: 'America/Mexico_City'
Local time is now:      Mon Oct 27 10:44:03 CST 2014.
Universal Time is now:  Mon Oct 27 16:44:03 UTC 2014.

root@gob:~ date
Mon Oct 27 10:44:08 CST 2014

root@gob:~ dpkg-reconfigure tzdata

......

.....

...

Current default time zone: 'America/Mexico_City'

Local time is now: Mon Oct 27 10:44:03 CST 2014.

Universal Time is now: Mon Oct 27 16:44:03 UTC 2014.

root@gob:~ date

Mon Oct 27 10:44:08 CST 2014

Para validad los servidores a los cuales estamos conectados podemos verificar con ntpq y ntpdate, a mi me gusta juntar ntpq con watch:

Every 2.0s: ntpq -p                                         Mon Oct 27 15:42:49 2014

     remote           refid      st t when poll reach   delay   offset  jitter
==============================================================================
-199.167.29.243  204.9.54.119     2 u  423 1024  377  123.771    4.952   0.579
*tick.nullmodem. 128.10.19.24     2 u  489 1024  377  102.143   -1.156   0.066
+bindcat.fhsu.ed 128.138.140.44   2 u  358 1024  377  124.133   -0.107   0.535
+pegasus.latt.ne 68.3.33.115      2 u  229 1024  377  105.379    3.391   0.200

Every 2.0s: ntpq -p Mon Oct 27 15:42:49 2014

remote refid st t when poll reach delay offset jitter

==============================================================================

-199.167.29.243 204.9.54.119 2 u 423 1024 377 123.771 4.952 0.579

*tick.nullmodem. 128.10.19.24 2 u 489 1024 377 102.143 -1.156 0.066

+bindcat.fhsu.ed 128.138.140.44 2 u 358 1024 377 124.133 -0.107 0.535

+pegasus.latt.ne 68.3.33.115 2 u 229 1024 377 105.379 3.391 0.200

El * indica con que servidor estoy sincronizado, reach indica la conectividad hacia el servidor la máxima es 337 y st indica el stratus de hora).

Si tienes un servidor NTP, en el cual trabajen todos tus equipos entonces puedes usar ntpdate -d, este checa el servidor NTP que le pongas y verifica la diferencia de tiempos pero no modificará el reloj de su sistema:

root@gob:~ ntpdate -d 128.10.19.24
27 Oct 15:48:39 ntpdate[5652]: ntpdate 4.2.6p5@1.2349-o Sat May 12 09:07:19 UTC 2012 (1)
transmit(128.10.19.24)
receive(128.10.19.24)
transmit(128.10.19.24)
receive(128.10.19.24)
transmit(128.10.19.24)
receive(128.10.19.24)
transmit(128.10.19.24)
receive(128.10.19.24)
server 128.10.19.24, port 123
stratum 1, precision -16, leap 00, trust 000
refid [CDMA], delay 0.12979, dispersion 0.00017
transmitted 4, in filter 4
reference time:    d7f93c2e.33ab649e  Mon, Oct 27 2014 15:48:30.201
originate timestamp: d7f93c3d.a2365cb6  Mon, Oct 27 2014 15:48:45.633
transmit timestamp:  d7f93c3d.959cb47c  Mon, Oct 27 2014 15:48:45.584
filter delay:  0.13020  0.12979  0.13014  0.12999
         0.00000  0.00000  0.00000  0.00000
filter offset: -0.00379 -0.00383 -0.00359 -0.00361
         0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
delay 0.12979, dispersion 0.00017
offset -0.003835

27 Oct 15:48:45 ntpdate[5652]: adjust time server 128.10.19.24 offset -0.003835 sec

root@gob:~ ntpdate -d 128.10.19.24

27 Oct 15:48:39 ntpdate[5652]: ntpdate 4.2.6p5@1.2349-o Sat May 12 09:07:19 UTC 2012 (1)

transmit(128.10.19.24)

receive(128.10.19.24)

transmit(128.10.19.24)

receive(128.10.19.24)

transmit(128.10.19.24)

receive(128.10.19.24)

transmit(128.10.19.24)

receive(128.10.19.24)

server 128.10.19.24, port 123

stratum 1, precision -16, leap 00, trust 000

refid [CDMA], delay 0.12979, dispersion 0.00017

transmitted 4, in filter 4

reference time: d7f93c2e.33ab649e Mon, Oct 27 2014 15:48:30.201

originate timestamp: d7f93c3d.a2365cb6 Mon, Oct 27 2014 15:48:45.633

transmit timestamp: d7f93c3d.959cb47c Mon, Oct 27 2014 15:48:45.584

filter delay: 0.13020 0.12979 0.13014 0.12999

0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000

filter offset: -0.00379 -0.00383 -0.00359 -0.00361

0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000

delay 0.12979, dispersion 0.00017

offset -0.003835

27 Oct 15:48:45 ntpdate[5652]: adjust time server 128.10.19.24 offset -0.003835 sec

Sí lo que no tiens es tiempo, necesitas hacerlo inmediatamente puedes hacerlo de la siguiente manera: ntpdate -u SERVIDOR_NTP_PERSONALIZADO, se sincroniza y listo.

$ ntpdate servidorNTP
27 Oct 16:03:28 ntpdate[29676]: adjust time server servidorNTP offset -0.003151 sec

1 2	$ ntpdate servidorNTP 27 Oct 16:03:28 ntpdate[29676]: adjust time server servidorNTP offset -0.003151 sec

CentOS: more space needed on the /boot filesystem.

[ $date ]# 25 septiembre 2014

Mientras estaba actualizando unas dependencias de CentOS me salio el siguiente error:

Install       1 Package(s)

Total download size: 28 M
Installed size: 121 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
kernel-2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64.rpm                                    |  28 MB     00:05
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test


Transaction Check Error:
  installing package kernel-2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64 needs 12MB on the /boot filesystem

Error Summary
-------------
Disk Requirements:
  At least 12MB more space needed on the /boot filesystem.

Install 1 Package(s)

Total download size: 28 M

Installed size: 121 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

kernel-2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 28 MB 00:05

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Check Error:

installing package kernel-2.6.32-431.29.2.el6.x86_64 needs 12MB on the /boot filesystem

Error Summary

-------------

Disk Requirements:

At least 12MB more space needed on the /boot filesystem.

Y efectivamente ya no me quedaba espacio.

root@chiapas$ df -H /boot
Filesystem      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/md0        102M   79M   18M  82% /boot

root@chiapas$ df -H /boot

Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/md0 102M 79M 18M 82% /boot

Para solucionar esto y poder instalar el nuevo kernel (o las dependencias de este) es necesario borrar los antiguos núcleos:

root@chiapas$ rpm -qa | grep kernel
...
kernel-devel-2.6.32-431.20.3.el6.x86_64
dracut-kernel-004-336.el6_5.2.noarch
..
kernel-devel-2.6.32-431.17.1.el6.x86_64
kernel-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64
kernel-2.6.32-431.11.2.el6.x86_64

#Suprimimos los nucleos viejos
root@chiapas$ rpm -e kernel-2.6.32-431.11.2.el6.x86_64
root@chiapas$ rpm -e kernel-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64

root@chiapas$ rpm -qa | grep kernel

...

kernel-devel-2.6.32-431.20.3.el6.x86_64

dracut-kernel-004-336.el6_5.2.noarch

kernel-devel-2.6.32-431.17.1.el6.x86_64

kernel-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64

kernel-2.6.32-431.11.2.el6.x86_64

#Suprimimos los nucleos viejos

root@chiapas$ rpm -e kernel-2.6.32-431.11.2.el6.x86_64

root@chiapas$ rpm -e kernel-2.6.32-431.23.3.el6.x86_64

De esta forma liberamos el espacio y procedemos con la instalación.

Ahora si no tienes tiempo puedes usar el comando package-cleanup, en el cual puedes especificar cuantos kernel borrar:

root@chiapas ~$ package-cleanup --oldkernels --count=2
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
--> Running transaction check
---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-431.el6 will be erased
---> Package kernel-devel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-431.20.5.el6 will be erased
---> Package kernel-devel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-431.23.3.el6 will be erased
---> Package kernel-devel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-504.el6 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved
....

root@chiapas ~$ package-cleanup --oldkernels --count=2

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror

--> Running transaction check

---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-431.el6 will be erased

---> Package kernel-devel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-431.20.5.el6 will be erased

---> Package kernel-devel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-431.23.3.el6 will be erased

---> Package kernel-devel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-504.el6 will be erased

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

....

Gracias a Marco Islas,por el comentario sobre package-cleanup.

Conociendo hdiutil

[ $date ]# 18 septiembre 2014

El programa hdiutil es una utilidad de línea de comandos de Apple para trabajar con imágenes de disco. Las imágenes de disco (por lo general con un .dmg, .img o .iso extensión de archivo) se utilizan a menudo para la distribución de programas y para la grabación de CDs / DVDs.

Convertir de .ISO a .dmg

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $ ls -lt
total 508344
-rwxrwxrwx  1 rafael  staff  260270080 Jun 14 15:07 OVM_Server.iso
> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $ hdiutil convert OVM_Server.iso -format UDRW -o OVM_server.dmg
Leyendo Oracle VM Server cd 1 20140416   (Apple_ISO: 0)…
.........................................................................................
Tiempo transcurrido: 975.031ms
Velocidad: 254.6Mbytes/s
Ahorro: 0.0%
created: /Users/rafael/Documents/Isos SO/ovm/OVM_server.dmg

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $ ls -lt

total 508344

-rwxrwxrwx 1 rafael staff 260270080 Jun 14 15:07 OVM_Server.iso

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $ hdiutil convert OVM_Server.iso -format UDRW -o OVM_server.dmg

Leyendo Oracle VM Server cd 1 20140416 (Apple_ISO: 0)…

.........................................................................................

Tiempo transcurrido: 975.031ms

Velocidad: 254.6Mbytes/s

Ahorro: 0.0%

created: /Users/rafael/Documents/Isos SO/ovm/OVM_server.dmg

Convertir de .dmg a .ISO

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $ ls
OVM_Server.iso	OVM_server.dmg
> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $ hdiutil convert OVM_Server.iso -format UDRW -o imagen_ovm_en.dmg
Leyendo Oracle VM Server cd 1 20140416   (Apple_ISO: 0)…
.........................................................................................
Tiempo transcurrido:  1.160s
Velocidad: 213.8Mbytes/s
Ahorro: 0.0%
created: /Users/rafael/Documents/Isos SO/ovm/imagen_ovm_en.dmg
> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $ ls

OVM_Server.iso OVM_server.dmg

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $ hdiutil convert OVM_Server.iso -format UDRW -o imagen_ovm_en.dmg

Leyendo Oracle VM Server cd 1 20140416 (Apple_ISO: 0)…

.........................................................................................

Tiempo transcurrido: 1.160s

Velocidad: 213.8Mbytes/s

Ahorro: 0.0%

created: /Users/rafael/Documents/Isos SO/ovm/imagen_ovm_en.dmg

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO/ovm $

Crear un dmg de un folder.

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ pwd
/Users/rafael/Documents/Isos SO
> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ hdiutil create ovm_folders.dmg -srcfolder ovm/
..................................................................................
created: /Users/rafael/Documents/Isos SO/ovm_folders.dmg
> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ ls -l ovm_folders.dmg
-rw-r--r--@ 1 rafael  staff  718207852 Sep 18 15:14 ovm_folders.dmg
> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ pwd

/Users/rafael/Documents/Isos SO

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ hdiutil create ovm_folders.dmg -srcfolder ovm/

..................................................................................

created: /Users/rafael/Documents/Isos SO/ovm_folders.dmg

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ ls -l ovm_folders.dmg

-rw-r--r--@ 1 rafael staff 718207852 Sep 18 15:14 ovm_folders.dmg

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $

Montar y desmontar una imagen.

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ hdiutil mount test.dmg

1	> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ hdiutil mount test.dmg

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ hdiutil unmount /dev/device-name

1	> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ hdiutil unmount /dev/device-name

Crear una imagen encriptada:

> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ hdiutil create -encryption -size 10m -volname encdata test.dmg -fs HFS+J

1	> [ rafael ] ~/Documents/Isos SO $ hdiutil create -encryption -size 10m -volname encdata test.dmg -fs HFS+J

Durante la creación de la imagen del disco, te pedirá una contraseña que le permitirá el acceso a los contenidos de la imagen.

SOLUCIÓN: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock’ (2)

[ $date ]# 9 septiembre 2014

Recientemente mi novia instalo en una Maquina virtual Kali Linux, cómo sabemos es un debian, este error ya me había salido hace muchas lunas atrás eh aquí otra solución:

root@kali:~ mysql
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)
root@kali:~ mysqladmin password newpassword
mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed
error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)'
Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' exists!
root@kali:~ mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)

root@kali:~ mysql

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)

root@kali:~ mysqladmin password newpassword

mysqladmin: connect to server at 'localhost' failed

error: 'Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)'

Check that mysqld is running and that the socket: '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' exists!

root@kali:~ mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock' (2)

Al parar y prender nuevamente el demonio me salió un [info] el cual menciona que algunas tablas estaban corruptas:

root@kali:~ ps ax | grep mysql
12528 pts/0    S+     0:00 grep mysql
root@kali:~ service mysql start
[ ok ] Starting MySQL database server: mysqld ..
[info] Checking for tables which need an upgrade, are corrupt or were
not closed cleanly..
root@kali:~ mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)
root@kali:~ /etc/init.d/mysql status
[info] /usr/bin/mysqladmin  Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.5.38, for debian-linux-gnu on x86_64
Copyright (c) 2000, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Server version          5.5.38-0+wheezy1
Protocol version        10
Connection              Localhost via UNIX socket
UNIX socket             /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
Uptime:                 2 min 57 sec

Threads: 1  Questions: 576  Slow queries: 0  Opens: 421  Flush tables: 1  Open tables: 41  Queries per second avg: 3.254.

root@kali:~ ps ax | grep mysql

12528 pts/0 S+ 0:00 grep mysql

root@kali:~ service mysql start

[ ok ] Starting MySQL database server: mysqld ..

[info] Checking for tables which need an upgrade, are corrupt or were

not closed cleanly..

root@kali:~ mysql -u root -p

Enter password:

ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)

root@kali:~ /etc/init.d/mysql status

[info] /usr/bin/mysqladmin Ver 8.42 Distrib 5.5.38, for debian-linux-gnu on x86_64

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

owners.

Server version 5.5.38-0+wheezy1

Protocol version 10

Connection Localhost via UNIX socket

UNIX socket /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

Uptime: 2 min 57 sec

Threads: 1 Questions: 576 Slow queries: 0 Opens: 421 Flush tables: 1 Open tables: 41 Queries per second avg: 3.254.

A lo cual decidí apagar el demonio de mysql y usar el script de arranque de mysql.

root@kali:~ service mysql stop
[ ok ] Stopping MySQL database server: mysqld.
root@kali:~ mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &
[1] 13184
root@kali:~ 140908 14:45:55 mysqld_safe Logging to syslog.
140908 14:45:55 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql
root@kali:~ mysql -u root
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.5.38-0+wheezy1 (Debian)

root@kali:~ service mysql stop

[ ok ] Stopping MySQL database server: mysqld.

root@kali:~ mysqld_safe --skip-grant-tables &

[1] 13184

root@kali:~ 140908 14:45:55 mysqld_safe Logging to syslog.

140908 14:45:55 mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /var/lib/mysql

root@kali:~ mysql -u root

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

Your MySQL connection id is 1

Server version: 5.5.38-0+wheezy1 (Debian)

Y listo… nuestro demonio de mysql corre perfectamente, ya queda la configuración de la contraseña y ciertas cosas que dependen de cada uno.

Saludos

Star Wars ASCIImation

[ $date ]# 25 agosto 2014

Si eres fan de Star Wars, abre tu cmd o terminal teclea esto y de seguro esto te parecerá interesante (~~friki~~):

> [ rafael ] ~ $ telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl 23

1	> [ rafael ] ~ $ telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl 23

Si no te da por escribir comandos, de igual forma puedes dar click aquí, para cargarlo.

may the 4ce be with you.

Instagram

Actualizar servidor NTP

CentOS: more space needed on the /boot filesystem.

Conociendo hdiutil

SOLUCIÓN: ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can’t connect to local MySQL server through socket ‘/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock’ (2)

Star Wars ASCIImation